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OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the femoral head collapse and the operation of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) in different Japanese Investigation Commitee (JIC) types, in order to summarize the prognostic rules of each type of ONFH, and explore the clinical significance of CT lateral subtypes based on reconstruction of necrotic area of C1 type and verify their clinical effect.@*METHODS@#A total of 119 patients (155 hips) with ONFH between May 2004 and December 2016 were enrolled in the study. The total hips consisted of 34 hips in type A, 33 in type B, 57 in type C1, and 31 in type C2, respectively. There was no significant difference in age, gender, affected side, or type of ONFH of the patients with differenct JIC types ( P>0.05). The 1-, 2-, and 5-year femoral head collapse and operation of different JIC types were analyzed, as well as the survival rate (with femoral head collapse as the end point) of hip joint between different JIC types, hormonal/non-hormonal ONFH, asymptomatic and symptomatic (pain duration >6 months or ≤6 months), and combined preserved angle (CPA) ≥118.725° and CPA<118.725°. JIC types with significant differences in subgroup surgery and collapse and with research value were selected. According to the location of the necrotic area on the surface of the femoral head, the JIC classification was divided into 5 subtypes in the lateral CT reconstruction, and the contour line of the necrotic area was extracted and matched to the standard femoral head model, and the necrosis of the five subtypes was presented by thermography. The 1-, 2-, and 5-year outcomes of femoral head collapse and operation in different lateral subtypes were analyzed, and the survival rates (with collapse of the femoral head as the end point) between CPA≥118.725° and CPA<118.725° hip in patients with this subtype were compared, as well as the survival rates of different lateral subtypes (with collapse and surgery as the end points, respectively).@*RESULTS@#The femoral head collapse rate and operation rate in the 1-, 2-, and 5-year were significantly higher in patients with JIC C2 type than in patients with other hip types ( P<0.05), while in patients with JIC C1 type than in patients with JIC types A and B ( P<0.05). The survival rate of patients with different JIC types was significantly different ( P<0.05), and the survival rate of patients with JIC types A, B, C1, and C2 decreased gradually. The survival rate of asymptomatic hip was significantly higher than that of symptomatic hip, and the survival rate of CPA≥118.725° was significantly higher than that of CPA<118.725° ( P<0.05). The lateral CT reconstruction of type C1 hip necrosis area was selected for further classification, including type 1 in 12 hips, type 2 in 20 hips, type 3 in 9 hips, type 4 in 9 hips, and type 5 in 7 hips. There were significant differences in the femoral head collapse rate and the operation rate among the subtypes after 5 years of follow-up ( P<0.05). The collapse rate and operation rate of types 4 and 5 were 0; the collapse rate and operation rate of type 3 were the highest; the collapse rate of type 2 was high, but the operation rate was lower than that of type 3; the collapse rate of type 1 was high, but the operation rate was 0. In JIC type C1 patients, the survival rate of the hip joint with CPA≥118.725° was significantly higher than that with CPA<118.725° ( P<0.05). In the follow-up with femoral head collapse as the end point, the survival rates of types 4 and 5 were all 100%, while the survival rates of types 1, 2, and 3 were all 0, and the difference was significant ( P<0.05). The survival rate of types 1, 4, and 5 was 100%, of type 3 was 0, and of type 2 was 60%, showing significant difference ( P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#JIC types A and B can be treated by non-surgical treatment, while type C2 can be treated by surgical treatment with hip preservation. Type C1 was classified into 5 subtypes by CT lateral classification, type 3 has the highest risk of femoral head collapse, types 4 and 5 have low risk of femoral head collapse and operation, type 1 has high femoral head collapse rate but low risk of operation; type 2 has high collapse rate, but the operation rate is close to the average of JIC type C1, which still needs to be further studied.
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Humans , Femur Head/surgery , Femur Head Necrosis/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Hip Joint , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the global research status and trends ofrehabilitation after arthroplasty.Methods The Wed of Science database was used to search the publications on rehabilitation after arthroplasty from 1994 to 2018.The included publish items were statistically analyzed by bibliometrics.VOSviewer software was used to analyze the visual transformation of literature coupling (including author coupling,mechanism coupling and country coupling) and co-occurrence analysis.The research status and trends of rehabilitation after arthrop]asty in recent years were analyzed and predicted.Results A total of 1 702 studies were included in the present study.The number of literatures increased year by year globally,including 612 in the United States as the top number of studies in the world.The total citation frequency (15 433 times) and H index (61) of the research publications were also the highest in the world.China (79 literatures) ranked 6th in the number of global research publications,with total citation frequency (451 times) and H index (12) ranked 14th.The number of publications published by JOURNAL OF ARTHROPLASTY and ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION on rehabilitation after arthroplasty was the highest.The University of Pittsburgh and the University of Toronto were the biggest contributors to publications on rehabilitation after arthroplasty.The theme of rehabilitation after arthroplasty can be divided into five categories:pain management,functional exercise,hospital management,complications and clinical trials.Hospital management wasthe main research field recently and the orthopedic specialty hospital would become a hot research topic in the fulure.Conclusion According to the current global trends,rehabilitation study is deepening and the number of publications will increase continuously.The United States is the largest contributor in this area.The current researches focus on the "hospital management" after arthroplasty.The new type of orthopedic specialty hospital may be the next research hotspot for arthroplasty.
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Amyloid deposits are one of the hallmark pathological lesions of Alzheimer's disease (AD). They can be visualized by thioflavin-S, silver impregnation, Congo red staining, and immunohistochemical reactions. However, that amyloid deposits generate blue autofluorescence (auto-F) has been ignored. Here, we report that visible light-induced auto-F of senile plaques (SPs) was detected and validated with conventional methods. Brain slices from APP/PS1 (amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1) transgenic mice were mounted on slides, rinsed, coverslipped and observed for details of the imaging and spectral characteristics of the auto-F of SPs. Then the slices were treated with the above classic methods for comparative validation. We found that the SP auto-F was greatest under blue-violet excitation with a specific emission spectrum, and was much easier, more sensitive, and reliable than the classic methods. Because it does not damage slices, observation of auto-F can be combined with all post-staining techniques in slices and for brain-wide imaging in AD.
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Objective We aimed to explor the correlation between the serum resistin levels and the collapse process of femoral head necrosis. Methods Eighty-eight patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head were included in this study (26, 34 and 28 cases at ARCO stage Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ, respectively). Fifty healthy controls were enrolled. The serum resistin levels were detected with ELISA method. We compared the serum resistin levels between the patient group and control group. The differences of serum resistin levels between different ARCO stagesand various disease causes were analyzed in the patient group. Results The resistin levels were significantly higher in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral than healthy control group (P = 0.026). Compared with control group, the resistin levels significantly increased in patients at ARCO stage Ⅲ and ARCO stage Ⅳ respectively (P = 0.001).The resistin levels of procollapse group (ARCO stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ) were significantly higher than that of precollapse group (ARCO stage Ⅱ) (P = 0.000). There was no statistic difference between ARCO stage Ⅲ andⅣ in resistin levels (P> 0.05). No statistical significance was found between different disease causes. ROC curve analysis of resisrin level indicated theertain accuracy (AUC = 0.749) , sensitivity and significant specificity (77.4％, 61.5％, respectively) in the diagnosis of femoral head necrosis. Conclusions Resistin is closely related to the collapse process of femoral head necrosis. The level of resistin was significantly increased after the collapse of femoral head, which could be useful for the clinical diagnosis of the collapse of femoral head necrosis.
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Objective To explore prophylactic bilateral internal iliac arteries balloon occlusion in treating pernicious placenta previa complicated with placenta implantation before cesarean section.Methods Data of 32 patients with pernicious placenta previa complicated with placenta implantation underwent prophylactic bilateral internal iliac arteries balloon occlusion(Balloon Group)were analyzed retrospectively.40 patients with pernicious placenta previa complicated with placenta implantation without treatment of prophylactic bilateral internal iliac arteries balloon occlusion(Control Group)were selected.The mean blood loss and infusion amount during the operation,operative time,newborn Apgar score were compared between the two groups.Results The mean blood loss and infusion amount during the operation,operative time,newborn Apgar score of balloon group was superior to the control group and the difference was significant.All mothers and infants were healthy detected by clinical checking on 3-6 months after birth.Conclusion Prophylactic bilateral internal iliac arteries balloon occlusion is a safe and effective treatment before cesarean section used in pernicious placenta previa complicated with placenta implantation,and worthy of further promotion.
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Objective: To optimize the formula and preparation technology of cantharidin chitosan bioadhesive microspheres.Methods: The microspheres were prepared by a spray drying method.A single-factor experiment was used to study the effect of chitosan with different molecular weight on the gastric mucosa adhesion rate were also studied, and the effects of different drug loading ratio, concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution and speed of peristaltic pump on the loading rate were also studied.The cantharidin entrapment efficiency as the studying index, a response surface method was used to further optimize the formula.Results: The best formula and preparation process of cantharidin chitosan bioadhesive microspheres were as follows: the concentration ratio of antharidin to chitosan was 19.83% , the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution was 0.77% , and the peristaltic pump flow rate was 9.225 ml·min-1.With the best formula, the entrapment efficiency of cantharidin chitosan bioadhesive microspheres was 90.14%.Conclusion: The microsphere preparation by the spray drying method is stable and repeatable.Cantharidin chitosan bioadhesive microspheres have high entrapment efficiency and promising biological adhesion.
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Objective To establish a polymerase spiral reaction (PSR) method for rapid detection of influenza A/H1N1 virus.Methods Six sets of primers were designed for influenza A/H1N1 virus HA gene, and the results were determined with real time kinetic turbidimetric assay and colorimetry method.Results and Conclusion The best primers were selected from six sets of primers, and the best temperature was determined as 65 degrees Celsius.Further experiments showed that the best primer had good specificity for detection of influenza A/H1N1 virus,without cross reactions with 14 other respiratory tract pathogenic nucleic acids.The sensitivity was up to 100 copies,and consistent with that of PCR.So a PSR method is established for rapid detection of the influenza A/H1N1 virus, which is simple, quick, highly specific and sensitive,and especially applicable to field and grass-roots units.
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Bioadhesive delivery systems with sustained release characteristics can promote the absorption and increase the bio-availability of drugs by prolonging the residence time on the applied site. The evaluation of adhesion property of bioadhesive drug deliv-ery systems is important because the sustained release effect and the absorption are closely related with the adhesion. The methods for the evaluation of the adhesive properties of bioadhesive drug delivery systems in vitro were summarized in the article, including determi-ning the minimum peel force, measuring the residues on mucosa surface, determining the retention time on mucosal surface, measuring the swelling and the viscosity of fluid and so on, and the operation of some methods were described simply as well.
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Objective To establish a multiplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification(mLAMP)method for simultaneous detection of Salmonella,Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VPH)and Listeria monocytogenes (LM).Methods Three sets of mLAMP primers were designed to specifically target bcfD of Salmonella and tlh of VPH and iap of LM.The respective single LAMP assay of the three kinds of bacteria was developed,and the ratio of primer concentration was optimized to develop a multiplex LAMP system.The specificity and sensitivity of multiplex LAMP were observed.Results Turbidity monitoring results in real time suggests that the mLAMP was highly specific and amplification could be obtained within 45 min under isothermal conditions.The sensitivity of this mLAMP was found to be 300 fg/μl genomic DNAs for Salmonella and 4.2 pg/μl for VPH and 4.5 pg/μl for LM,which was consistent with conventional PCR.Conclusion The mLAMP described can potentially facilitate simultaneous detection of three kinds of bacteria in a large number of food samples, which could be used as a primary screening method and as a supplement to classical detection methods.
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Objective To evaluate the comparability of test results of self-built human carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay(ECLIA)and imported reagent.Methods A total of different concentrations 77 fresh serum speci-mens were collected and detected CEA by two kinds of ECLIA kit.The results were analyzed with Excel2003 and SPSS1 9.0 soft-ware.Results The difference between each dose was significant (P 0.05);the sensitivity of the assay was 0.3 ng/mL,the intra coefficient of variation was 4.58%-5.83%,the inter coefficient of variation was 5.07%-5.97%,the analytical recovery was 99.13%-107.28%,the specificity of the assay had no cross reaction with CA1 99 and AFP.The correlation coefficient between two kinds of reagents determination results was greater than 0.95,with imported reagent as reference test,self-built carcinoembryonic antigen ECLIA clinical performance evaluation was acceptable.Conclusion The precision of the two kinds of ECLIA in detection of CEA accord to clinical requirement.Comparability exists in evaluating the acceptability of clinical.
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Objective To investigate the value of MRI in diagnosis of congenital cystic lung disease.Methods The MRI was per-formed in 105 fetuses with congenital cystic lung disease.Subjects were classified into two groups including group A (the gestational age ranged from 12-20 w)and group B (the gestational age>20 w).The MRI and ultrasonography characteristics,as well as path-ologic diagnosis were compared.Results Among 105 cases,there were 80 cases of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM)(including 23 cases of typeⅠ,38 cases of typeⅡ and 1 9 cases of typeⅢ),18 cases of bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS),5 cases of congenital lobar emphysema,1 case of bronchogenic cyst,and 1 case was BPS with CCAM.In group A,MRI can diagnose the majority of the anomalies (41/45),ultrasonography can diagnose anomalies of 39 cases.There was no significant differ-ence of diagnostic accuracy between the two methods (P >0.05).In group B,compared with ultrasonography,MRI could diagnose more cases accurately (58 vs 52),with statistical significance (P 20 w compared with ultra-sonography.
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Objective To investigate the effect of opiate receptor antagonist naloxone on the electroencephalographic (EEG) power spectrum in morphine-addicted rats.Methods 20 male adult Wistar rats were alternately injected with morphine (Mf, 10 mg/kg,sc.;Mf withdrawal (Mf-Wd) group, n=10) or saline (Sal, 1 ml/kg, sc.;Sal-Wd group, n=10) for 8 days to establish Mf physical dependent model.Withdrawal scores were evaluated by naloxone-precipitated withdrawl signs (5 mg/kg,ip.).Another 20 rats were divided into Sal-CPP group and Mf-CPP group with 10 rats in each group.Rats in the sal-CPP group were injected with saline once a day for 8 days while rats in the Mf-CPP group were injected with saline and morphine alternatively once a day for 8 days.The EEG signals were recorded from their dorsal hippocampi before and after naloxone injection under anesthesia;and the EEG power data (1 ～ 100 Hz) were analyzed.Results (1) Compared with Sal-Wd group (22.69± 3.59), the Mf-Wd group showed a higher withdrawal scores after naloxone injection(84.90± 13.40, P＜0.01).(2) The CPP scores of Mf-CPP rats (80.69± 14.96) were significantly higher than the baseline (45.29± 15.79) and the Sal-CPP rats (41.84± 12.47;all P＜0.01).(3)After naloxone injection,the EEG powers of δ band and γ band of Mf-CPP rats decreased temporarily c ompared with their baseline (δ band: (81.80±30.91) mV2 · Hz vs (112.49±39.43) mV2 · Hz;γ band:(25.35±11.20)mV2 · Hzvs (28.71±13.06)mV2 · Hz;allP＜0.05).Conclusion Opiate receptor antagonist naloxone can decrease the hippocampal EEG powers of δ band and γband in Mf-addicted rats.
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BACKGROUND:To explore the methods for secondary limb revascularization after endovascular repair is one of the most urgent research topics. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the biological mechanism about the transplantation of autologous peripheral blood stem cel s to lead and perfect the effect of ischemic tissue for secondary revascularization. METHODS:Forty-two patients with critical low limb ischemia were selected and treated with endovascular repair as first revascularization and transplantation of autologous peripheral blood stem cel s as secondary revascularization. The secondary revascularization was carried out at 3 months after the first blood flow remodeling. The patients receiving secondary revascularization were fol owed for 4 years. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After transplantation of autologous peripheral blood stem cel s, the patients complained that the rest pain of the lower leg was relieved obviously and intermittent claudication distance was significantly lengthened. Limb salvage rate was 100%. Skin temperature index was 1.6±0.3, transcutaneous oxygen pressure was (5.00±1.26) kPa, ankle-brachium index was 0.9±0.2, photoplethysmograpy index was 0.8±0.1, saturation of blood oxygen was (79.4±20.4)%, and digital subtraction angiography score was (1.3±0.2) points. After transplantation, local blood flow indicators of the low limbs were positively correlated to local symptom indicators of the limbs (0.6
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Objective To explore the expression of(hyopxia inducible factor-α,HIF-1α)and gax genes on the intimal hyperplasia for venous autografts in rat.Methods Sixteen Wistar rats were randomLy divided into 2 groups,a control group and an experimental group,8 rats in each group.A rat model of venous autografts was established by transplanting the right external jugulars vein into right common carotid artery in 16rats.The transplanted vein in the experimental group was immersed in solution with recombinant adeno-associated virus(rAAV)and HIF-1α by incubation for 45 minutes at 0℃-4℃ before anastomosis and coated using glue gel in which rAAV-gax added just after anastomosis,the control ones were immersed only in the physiological solution in which rAAV solution without HIF-1α gene added,nothing to be coated except for glue gel only.The vein grafts were taken at 14 days after operation,RT-PCR technique,Western blotting and electric microscopy were used to detect the expression of HIF-1α mRNA and protein,gax mRNA and protein,phenotypic switch of VSMC.Results The expression of HIF-1α mRNA,the experimental group(93.1±22.9)bP,the con trol group(42.7±15.9)bP,P<0.01;the exprossion of gax mRNA,the experimental group(106.9±38.7)bP,the contrd group(50.7±25.8)bP,P<0.01;the exprossion of HIF-1α protein,the experimental group(10.86±2.76)kD,the control group(4.52±1.90)kD,P<0.01;the expression of gax protein,the experimental group(13.65±3.35)kD,the control group(5.40±2.26)kD,P<0.01;VSMC proliferation,the experinental group(21.3±5.4)%,the control group(41.2±8.6)%,P<0.05.Conclusion The present study demonstrated that HIF-1α and gax genes transfection could inhibit proliferation of VSMC and their phenotypic conversion from contractile phenotype to synthetic phenotype in venous autografts.
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Objective To investigate the efficiency of autologous transplantation of peripheral blood stem cell for treatment of patients with chronic lower limb ischemia. Methods Forty-six patients with chronic lower limb ischemia were treated by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Results Fortytwo patients had pain relief on legs, and cold and cool feelings in lower limbs disappeared. Thirty-five patients had pain relief on feet, and 29 of them had disappearance of cold and cool feelings. Due to necrosis in middle and lower part of leg, 4 patients took extremity amputation after 4 weeks of the transplantation. In the 42 patients who kept their legs 3 months after transplantation, the distance of anginacruris extended from (87. 45 ±41.22) m to (348.52 ± 147.24) m, skin temperature increased from(28.52 ±0.51 ) ℃ to(33.56±0.62) ℃ ,and ankle-brachial index (ABI) increased from(0.48 ±0.06)to(0.75 ±0.07). There were statistical differences, and the scores of the distance of anginacruris, skin temperature, and ABI after transplantation were better than before. six months after transplantation autobiography of lower extremity was used, and neonatal lateral vessels of different degrees were found in 37 patients. Conclusion Autologous transplantation of peripheral blood stem cell is a simple, safe, and effective method, especially in treating patients with lower limb ischemia in which no arterial reconstruction is feasible.
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Objective To test the hypothesis that p53 gene therapy combined with endostatin can enhance tumor response to radiation therapy of RM-1 mouse xenograft prostate cancer and to investigate its mechanism. Methods A mouse prostate cancer model was established. Then mice with xenograft tumor were randomly divided into group A (control), B (radiation), C (radiation and rAdp53), D (radiation and rh-endostatin) and E (radiation and rAdp53 and rh-endostatin). On day 1, rAdp53 was injected intra-tumorously with 1 × 1010 vp per animal to group C and E. From day 1 to 14, rh-endostatin was given 15 mg/kg intraperitoneally daily to group D and E. On day 4 single fraction of 15 Gy was given to tumors in groups B, C, D and E. Normal saline was injected intra-tumorously or intraperitoneaUy accordingly as control. No treatment was done to group A. Tumor volume was measured daily. Samples were collected on Days 5, 10 and 15. Ki67, CD31, p53 and VEGF were detected by means of immunohistochemistry. Results (1) Radiation alone, radiation combined with intra-tumorous injection of Adp53 and/or intraperitoneal injection of rh-endostatin resulted in tumor growth arrest of RM-1 cells in vivo (P = 0.000). Radiation combined with both rAdp53 and rh-endostatin was the most effective treatment (P < 0.05). (2) All the four treatment groups had a decreased expression of mutant type P53 (P = 0.000). The expression of Ki67 in groups B and C were equal (P 0.05) and increasing (P = 0.000), respectively. Group D had a up-down-up curve (P < 0.05), but group E had a up-down one. On day 5 the expresion of VEGF in group E was the lowest (P < 0.05). An increased expression of MVD compared with the control was shown, and MVD in groups C, D and E were always higher than that in the control (P < 0.05). Conclusions The limitation of radiotherapy could be overcome by combination with beth p53 gene therapy and endostatin on the growth of mouse prostate cancer cell. Radiation, rAdp53 and endostatin have their own role but they can be interacted with each other.
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Objective To assess the curative effect of percutem transilluminated with negative pressured on the potaried technique on the treatment of venous ulcer in lower extremity.Methods The clinical date of 300 cases involving 300 legs with venous ulcer in lower extremity,who underwent the percutum transilluminated negative pressured potaried technique using TRIVEXTM Ⅱ potaried system or the percutum transfixion surgical treatment from October 2005 to June 2009,were analyzed.Three hundred cases were randomly divided into potaried group and transfixion group.In potaried group,there were 190 cases involving 190 legs treated with TRIVEXTM Ⅱ potaried system.In transfixion group,110 cases involving 110 legs treated with percutum transfixion.The clinical indexes of skin infection rate and skin necrosis rate,shrinkage rate of wound area and skin depigmentation rate,ulcer healing rate and ulcer recurrence rate were calculated to assess the clinical curative effect on day 5,day 20,day 120 and day 360 after operation respectively.Results The rates of skin infection and skin necrosis were significantly decreased in potaried group compared with transfixion group on day 5 after operation (P0.05).Ulcer recurrence rate was remarkably lower in potaried group than that in transfixion group on day 360 (P
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Objective To discuss and evaluate the value of insertion of inferior vena cava filter in treating lower extremity deep venous thrombosis(DVT).Methods Inferior vena cava filters were placed in 46 patients with lower extremity DVT prior treatment,20 in which were treated by therapy with anticoagulation and thrombolysis,and therapy with pressure gradient,and the other 26 patients by operation and thrombolysis therapy,and therapy with pressure gradient.Whether patients occurred pulmonary embolism was observed and the form and site of filters were monitored by periodic fluoroscopy.Results Inferior vena cava filters were placed successfully in all patients,38 cases were implanted permanence inferior vena cava filter,8 cases were implanted temporary inferior vena cava filter.Symptoms and signs of DVT disappeared or remitted in 44/46 patients after treatment.None of pulmonary embolism was occurred.Follow up 2-24 months(average 13 months) for 36 cases with permanence inferior vena cava filter,there was no complication of the filter and pulmonary embolism occurred.Conclusions The method of inserting inferior vena cava filter is simple and safe,which can prevent pulmonary embolism effectually to offer sufficient safeguard for the treatment of DVT.
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Objective To evaluate short-term curative effect of endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Methods Twelve cases of infra-renal abdominal aortic aneurysms were checked. Results The av-erage bleeding in the operation was 245 millimeter, the avenage hospitalization time was 8.6 days, and the average abrosia time was 1.5 days. White blood cell, hemoglobin, thrombocyte, hepatic function, and renal function were in the normal limits. Prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were post-poned after operation, and recovered normally within one week. Complications of operations were as follows:1 case of pulmonary infection, 2 cases of abdominal distention, and 1 case of intraoperafive endoleak. The former two kinds of complications alleviated after conventional treatment, and the latter disappeared naturally after 3 months. Conclusion Endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair is safe, mini-invasive, and has little disturbance for body internal environment.
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Objective To evaluate the value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of special ectopic pregnancy(SEP).Methods Ultrasonography was performed in 31 patients with SEP.The sonographic features of two-dimensional ultrasound and color Doppler of SEP were analyzed and the sonographic results were correlated with surgical and pathologic findings. Results Ultrasonography accurately diagnosed interstital tubal pregnancy in 21 cases,cervical pregnancy in 4,isthmus pregnancy in 2,rudimentary horn pregnancy in 1,and 3 cases were misdiagnosed,thus,the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound for SPE was 90.3% .Conclusions Ultrasonography has an important role in diagnosing SEP.